The results last week were not quite as he hoped.

From seat 14C, Germain punched in the number on his cell phone to his assistant in Paris and waited a few moments for the signal to bounce from a satellite in space to a cellular antenna on the ground 39,000 feet below. "I’m not hearing you very well," the assistant yelled when he got through. "It sounds like I’m talking to a small robot."

While airlines in the United States have shunned the use of cell phones in flight -- mainly because their passengers have argued vociferously for keeping one last cell phone-free sanctuary -- some European and Mideast carriers are preparing to offer the service as early as this summer. Last week, regulators in Brussels gave a green light to the airlines, setting up a common licensing arrangement.

Air France wants to be among the first, beginning an experiment to determine whether European travelers will appreciate the convenience or rebel against the possibility of being stuck next to a loquacious seatmate.

Emirates, the largest carrier in the Middle East, has already equipped an Airbus A340 fight from Dubai to Casablanca with mobile technology and intends to extend the service to its entire fleet over the next several months. Ryanair, a low-cost European carrier popular among a young and chatty clientele, is planning to offer in-flight calls, anticipating potentially lucrative profits from the service.

But a number of hurdles must be overcome before more airlines offer the service. The technology, which allows cellphone users to make and receive calls through an onboard base station linked to a satellite, delivers a still-patchy quality that keeps most in-flight calls short and tinny. And then there are the eye-popping roaming charges of up to 3 euros ($ 4.72) a minute.

On a recent Air France test flight between Paris and Vienna, mobile calls made using the technology that is dominant in Europe generally allowed passengers to connect to ground phones after a couple of tries. Calls made from the ground to the plane, however, tended to go directly to voice mail.

Only six passengers could get a signal at one time -- to avoid interfering with the aircraft equipment. OnAir, the company that supplies the technology, said that number could soon double to 12 and possibly more in coming weeks. Since it was difficult to reach passengers in midair, ring tones did not sound, granting passengers on the test flight a silence that is sure to be filled once the technology improves.

BlackBerry users who tried to download e-mail messages found themselves engaged in an effort in futility.

Working out the kinks is probably only a matter of time. Lufthansa, Europe’s second-largest carrier after Air France KLM, has said it will not offer the service, after travelers made clear their distaste.

In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission bars the use of cell phones in midair. The initial ban was imposed out of fear of interference with both onboard communications and cellular networks on the ground. Several airlines have announced plans to offer broad Web access, which, in theory, could allow travelers the option of making phone calls over the Internet. But the airlines have said they will not offer that service -- at least for now.

The technology being tested in Europe links a traveler’s mobile phone to an onboard network connected to the ground via satellite. Transmission levels are at low enough power to avoid affecting the safety of aircraft equipment.

The system uses an onboard base station in the plane that communicates with passengers’ phones. Through low power, the connection creates a wireless network within the cabin.

The base station routes phone traffic to and from the plane through a satellite, which beams the signal to ground receivers. The control unit on the plane, meanwhile, ensures that cellphones do not connect to any base stations on the ground.

It has long been technically possible for travelers to make or receive cellphone calls below a certain altitude. That is why passengers on United Airlines Flight 93, one of the four planes hijacked in the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, were able to call emergency officials and family members before the plane went down.

If passengers are going to be allowed to make calls, airlines want to control it, mostly because it could serve as an additional source of much-needed revenue.